SIDS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SIDS - Essay Example This occurrence was seen at around early afternoon (Bedsole, 2012). One can accept that the child was dozing on its stomach, on a grown-up delicate bed, or unintentionally choked with pads encompassing the infant. These are the most widely recognized elements identified with SIDS. After further examination, the police reached a resolution that there was no injustice or any bad behavior by the guardians. Nonetheless, another case engaged with SIDS was governed a manslaughter. Vanessa Clark, a Texas lady, was accused of slaughtering her infant while laying down with it in a similar bed. The infant was found out of the blue not relaxing. This was not the first run through this had occur with Clark. Her first youngster passed on a similar way and was managed a mishap. Along these lines, police did a further examination and discovered sensible proof to demonstrate that Clark put the child at a high hazard by placing the infant in approaching peril and followed up on criminal carelessness. The Angelina County members of the jury saw Clark as liable of kid endangerment(Held, 2012). She is looking as long as twenty years in jail. If a potential SIDS demise happens, the police must examine and meeting all gatherings included. â€Å"By law, police and different authorities close by, for example, a coroner and investigators, are required to decide the reason for death† (Hooker, 2011).The data traded between these authorities is significant so as to fathom the case (Ortmeier, 2006). A few inquiries must addressed be so as to decide whether such act was done purposely or unintentionally. Relatives are informed about an examination that must occur due to the infant’s demise. What's more, kid defensive administrations just as other exceptional care groups ought to be include helping the relatives after their misfortune. It would give incredible assistance and permit the police to confine themselves from the circumstance and permit them to concentrate on

Techniques of Comedy Free Essays

Alex Moreno Theater 208 Comedy: Techniques behind the Laughter Comedy is the class of film that makes even the saddest occasions tolerable and increased a ton of prominence in when individuals required a lift. Parody is a special type of film in its wide scope of techniques, and in these strategies there is probably a portion of a select gathering of approaches. The genuine enchantment that satire has emerges from these chosen few strategies, that, when utilized appropriately, will never neglect to produce a chuckle. We will compose a custom exposition test on Procedures of Comedy or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now Satire arrives in a wide scope of structures, all of which get a snicker various ways. There are in any case, a couple of explicit classifications of satire which become works of art. The best of these incorporate; screwball, running stiflers, mind, set-up and turn of phrase, and droll. While these are isolated classifications of parody, they are all the time utilized together or in different kinds, to effectively create a chuckle. The inquiry is, the thing that makes them work again and again, and the appropriate response lies in like manner elements of every procedure. A significant factor in satire is the content and utilization of discourse. While exchange isn't similarly significant in a wide range of satire, it is as yet an exceptionally successful instrument in delivering an extraordinary parody. The discourse must tie in quick pacing, mind, and parody so as to keep a crowd of people engaged, all while following the content so as to attract the crowd to the film, and keep them snared. Extraordinary comedies consistently have excellent exchange that can make even the most conventional scene, completely humorous. At the point when discourse is utilized appropriately, it tends to be satire in itself, or add to another joke. A case of this is the point at which a fundamental character offers an entertaining remark about the adversary or another character. The activities of the other character may not be amusing alone, yet include some analysis and it turns out to be amazingly entertaining. Generally, exchange isn't the primary drive behind all comedic structures, as observed in quiet movies, yet it is as yet imperative to present day parody in its capacity to make conventional things clever. The following significant factor of an effective parody is the pacing. Quick pacing is the main fruitful method of making a satire; the crowd should consistently have something to create a chuckle. Crowds are whimsical, and making them trust that something will happen will just purpose them to lose intrigue. The pace must be sufficiently quick to keep individuals intrigued, however it should likewise be at a pace where the crowd can stay aware of the activity. A parody won't be entertaining if the following joke begins before the crowd even giggles at the last one. An incredible satire must discover the perfect parity that won't lose the crowd to fatigue, or in a surge. Give the crowd sufficient opportunity to snicker, however don’t let them quit giggling. Another basic factor in creating an effective parody is in the utilization of montage. Cutting shots between various edges assists with keeping the crowd intrigued by including new point of view, the film should consistently be moving, thus should the camera. This is utilized notwithstanding close-ups and foundation shots during significant successions. An extremely compelling technique for doing this is exchanging shots between characters during significant comedic successions. A case of this would be a fundamental character intended to be clever conversing with one of the stale characters, hostile to lighthearted element, and indicating their absence of response to something amusing done by the principle character. Another strategy is changing the camera edges while a character experiences issues playing out an assignment. A character battling to bring a container through an entryway is entertaining, however gets old except if you continually montage so as to keep the scene crisp, adding to the pace. Montage is a significant factor in fruitful satire on the grounds that a joke needs to remain new so as to be clever, as does a parody. The throwing in a film is absolutely critical, as not all individuals are clever in similar circumstances. On-screen characters all have certain comedic jobs, which they best fit into. A genuine looking on-screen character with a harsh voice would not make a decent blockhead character. In the event that that equivalent entertainer is put into the job of a criminal with the demeanor of a youngster, he turns into an incredible comic figure. Throwing is absolutely critical as entertainers must accommodate their jobs, while they have more range in parody, they despite everything must be acceptable somewhat. This can be seen by the incredible number of comedies where individuals exit saying; it would have been entertaining or more clever with another person. Throwing must be done cautiously all together additionally guarantee that the characters play well against one another. While a developed man acting like a youngster is amusing on occasion, it turns out to be very successful when there is another character inciting them to carry on that way. At long last, throwing decides how the crowd will respond to the story, and whether jokes will be amusing when originating from the chose cast. At long last these things attach in to make a comedic film amusing. On the off chance that the strategies are utilized appropriately you will make a high vitality satire that will keep the crowd engaged. Genuine works of art have everything that a satire could require, incredible discourse, quick pacing, montage, and extraordinary throwing. At the point when these strategies are utilized together appropriately, a satire can't fall flat. The fundamental objective of a parody is to remain new, and by using these methods, even the most played out situation can get entertaining once more. Satire has made us snicker for almost a century, and it will keep on insofar as it is kept new, new, and energizing. The most effective method to refer to Techniques of Comedy, Essay models

Agile Marketing A Step-by-Step Guide

Agile Marketing A Step-by-Step Guide Today’s business environment is undergoing rapid and constant change â€" rapidly and constantly changing customer needs, business practices, marketing approaches, technology, you name it.Any business that wants to survive in such a dynamic environment needs the ability to quickly respond and adapt to these changes, and the only way to do this is by being agile.When I say agile, I am talking about being fast, dynamic, responsive, adaptive and nimble.This is particularly true when it comes to marketing, because marketers must not only respond to changing customer needs and demands, but also to changing marketing methods and marketing platforms.In the modern world, traditional marketing methods are no longer working for marketing departments around the world. Sticking to traditional methods is a surefire way of driving oneself out of business.In order to keep business flowing, businesses need to reconfigure their marketing teams to create Agile War teams that can move fast and effecti vely, experimenting, implementing, and optimizing their approaches in accordance with the market needs.Want to build a vibrant, agile marketing team?In this article, I am to give you a step by step guide to agile marketing.Before we get to that, however, let’s take a moment to understand what agile marketing is.WHAT IS AGILE MARKETING Agile marketing is a marketing approach that allows your company to continuously manage innovation and change.It is an organizational strategy that manages and improves the working of your marketing team by streamlining communication, team structure, workflows, and processes to increase efficiency and quality.You can also think of agile marketing as the long-term, deliberate use of a stipulated agile methodology in project management for marketing departments.The advent of agile marketing goes back to the mid to late 90’s and originated from software development industry. Software developers had noticed that the existing development process was fil led with challenges.The normal development process back then involved having project managers gather information about specifications that were desired for a particular product and forward it to the developers.However, this was taking too much time and extending the budget, and by the time the product was launched, some of the customer preferences would have already changed, rendering the product less effective than it was supposed to be.In addition, there was a disconnect between the users of the end products and the developers themselves, leading to challenges in customer satisfaction.In order to solve these problems, seventeen software developers convened in 2001 and wrote the Agile Manifesto for software development. Instead of the long development process employed before, the agile manifesto championed for a continuous but faster development process that relied on customer feedback to make improved iterations of a product in order to ensure customer satisfaction.Later, the prin ciples of the agile methodology found their way into marketing and other aspects of business as they were found to be useful in improving the existing approach to marketing and business organization.The State of Agile 2018 report showed a 37% adoption rate of agile marketing by marketers across the United States.Following this shift to agile, they are enjoying immense benefits. 55% of marketers who embraced the agile approach found it easier to quickly change gears, 47% reported a higher quality of work, and 52% reported better awareness of project status. Benefits of agile marketing. Source: Agile SherpasFEATURES OF AGILE MARKETINGSome of the features of agile marketing include:Validated Learning Over Opinions and ConventionsMore often than not, marketers find themselves in inertia.The idea that “things have always been done like this” makes them ignore chances to do things in a potentially better and different way.This can be quite compelling especially when it’s coming from above, leaving no chance for an alternative.Agile marketing works with tests to validate assumptions as the basis for doing things better.If a new approach was tested and there is data to support it, combined with the right metrics, then fewer risks can be expected.Being agile leaves room for improvement and can uncover new opportunities that could lead to more success.Customer Focused Collaboration Over SilosIn the traditional framework, marketing was taken as a siloed function within both the internal marketing, PR and Branding departments and externally within the operations and sales departments.The disadvantage of this siloed approach is that it creates inconsistent and incongruous customer experiences in an era where businesses are mainly focused on customer satisfaction.The silos lead to knowledge and information hoarding where views are not shared across teams, which in turn lengthens the improvement times as teams learn independently.With agile marketing, the silos are broken down leaving all the focus on customers.Teams are derived from various departments to offer solutions for specific customer concerns.When working collaboratively, knowledge is distributed freely and can thus be used by different teams to produce customer-centered marketing approaches.Adaptive and Iterative Campaigns Over Big Bang CampaignsTraditionally, marketing is designed with long-term plans.That means considerable effort and time is required to cover timespans ranging from 3 months to years.The long-term plans are then broken down into campaigns tha t are meant to produce a big bang effect.Consequently, concepts are developed and various partners informed before the campaign can be implemented. Not only does this take a lot of time, it also stretches the budget.In the case that the campaigns fail to meet their desired goal, too much time has already been spent and nothing much can be done to rectify the situation.Agile marketing, on the other hand, takes an iterative and adaptive approach.The planning cycles are dismantled and run in sprints to test ideas, share with the team and get quick feedback.These iterations provide a learning opportunity for the team.They quickly learn what works and what does not.This quick learning enables the team to adjust their approaches and continuously improve.These campaigns do not require as many resources (compared to the traditional approach) to complete and can also be completed within a short period.The Process of Customer Discovery Over Static PredictionTraditional marketing plans are bas ically created on myopic forecasts of customer behavior which over time become outdated.They are mostly based on expensive and resource-intensive research, which unfortunately enhances the organizational commitment to these plans.Such an approach poses a huge risk for marketers who dive in blindly without the audacity to question the validity of such forecasts. The blame is put on the tactics and strategies instead of these underlying assumptions.An agile approach focuses on ongoing customer discovery rather than forecasts.The team focuses on understanding the needs and problems of actual customers and testing hypotheses.Thus, the agile team is continuously on a learning exercise where they know who their customers are, their perceptions, their needs and expectations and how they can be served better to increase value.Customer discovery is built into the DNA of agile marketers, in their activities and plans to continuously gather customer insights and knowledge.Flexible Vs. Rigid Pl anningTraditional marketing entails a rigorous and detailed planning process.Unfortunately, the complexity of the world today means things move too fast, and thus working with such a rigid plan becomes extremely difficult.With agile marketing, the plans and processes are flexibly built so as to accommodate change.They have to be adaptable when new information is brought on board or when there is a shift in circumstances.This is in contrast to traditional marketing which is excessively rigid and would have to be discarded if it doesn’t work as expected or if there is a shift in circumstances.Agile teams are constantly testing, reviewing, and prioritizing so as to improve ongoing deliverables and check if the strategies are working to result in the desired expectations.Responding to Change Over Following A PlanChange is inevitable and is thus a valuable resource for designing marketing plans. In the past, marketers were opposed to change and the implications it had for their work.Th us, they blindly followed plans and consequently missed out on chances to develop more engaging, resonant and impactful marketing.As change was not entwined within their plan, they took on a more reactionary (rather than proactive) approach which cost them a lot. Teams had to focus on the reactionary efforts, leaving work they have been focusing on instead.In an effort to react to change, there wasn’t enough time to meet these changes and thus quality would decrease.With agile marketing, changes are accommodated systematically.The framework allows teams to quickly respond to change, thus enhancing project stability.These new events are incorporated into the ongoing work, and change is seen as a chance to add value rather than an obstacle, resulting in success.Many Small Experiments Over a Few Large BetsJeff Bezos, founder of Amazon attributes Amazon’s success to the vast experiments they conduct daily, weekly, monthly and yearly.Marketing can’t always know for sure what will a nd won’t work in advance.Yes, they can borrow from their intuition, experiences and learning, but accurately predicting performance with certainty is close to impossible given the changing market landscape.In the past, the ability of marketing departments to experiment was limited because of time and budget constraints, since creative media back then required huge investments in both of these.This meant making big guesses and waiting for the eventual outcome. At times, this non-strategy worked, but more often than not, it did not work.Digitization has changed the playing field and marketers now have the scope to enable them try out ideas quickly, at a small-scale and with little to no costs.The winning experiments can be adopted for large distribution with minimal risk.Marketers can now forecast their likelihood of success by first making small bets and then leveraging the winners. The more they can experiment, the higher the probability of knowing the winners.STEP BY STEP APPROAC H TO AGILE MARKETINGStep 1: Get the Agile Marketing Framework RightYou can think of the agile framework as one embedded in three layers:Approach: Agile is a set of guidelines and values which collectively stimulate how marketers behave, think and respond to various scenarios. The agile approach entails flexibility, responsiveness to change, validated learning, customer-centered collaboration, and iterative and adaptive campaigns.Methodologies: The Agile approach is delivered through certain methodologies. The familiar ones which exist in a broader pool include Scrum, Kanban and Lean. Marketers choose the ones to use depending on their business contexts and can change with the circumstances.Practices: The methodologies dictate the practices that the marketing team will follow. These include meetings, roles, tasks and tools that compose the methodologies. Agile tools include sprint cycles, backlogs, Kanban Boards and stand-ups.Step 2: Creating the Agile War TeamThe Agile team is diffe rent from the rest of the teams within an organization. They think, behave and act differently. Many marketers refer to the agile team as the ‘war team.’This means they are like soldiers using the most strategic tools to conquer in their field.The main mission of the war team is to conduct quick experiments aimed at creating bottom-line impact, and then implement the winning experiments.Here are some of the characteristics that agile marketing teams possess.Perception Change: Agile teams think and act differently. They collaborate, show respect to each other, are able to respond and adapt to change, and are always learning. This kind of mindset is critical in developing high-performing groups who are focused on creating customer value.Experimentation And Iteration: Within the agile approach, long-term and rigid plans will not work. Instead, agile teams should be more focused on frequent experiments â€" the results of which will be applied to the next work load.Compliance With Th e Agile Manifesto: The agile team should look to the Agile Manifesto as the final arbiter to the team’s conflicts, dilemmas and decisions.Team Work And Collaboration: The agile framework is reliant on the combined efforts of groups in order to work efficiently. Marketing heads must ensure that their people are working smoothly with each other to realize the desired goals.Data-Driven Marketing: In the modern marketing world, all teams rely on data to guide and validate their efforts. The bulk of their work should be measurable and based on empirical evidence to support their actions.The Composition of the Agile War-Room TeamThe most crucial element for success lies with the people. An agile team should be composed of talented individuals who can work together to deliver results quickly.They should be drawn from multiple departments and possess different skills.They should also be released from their daily routine tasks so they can focus on working collaboratively as full time membe rs of the agile war team.The composition of the war team will depend on the tasks that the team is supposed to undertake. A small team is usually encouraged for accountability purposes.A team of about eight people should be enough and should they exceed, a maximum of twelve is ideal. According to Jeff Bezos, you should be able to feed an ideal team with just two pizzas.Clear lines of communication must be established within the war team and without so that other departments can have quick access to crucial information.For example, when buying assets, the team will require approval from the legal and procurement departments.Therefore, these other teams must have access to ensure that things keep moving quickly.There have been situations where the marketing team meet a lot of resistance from legal as a result of competing priorities.This shows just how critical it is to plan ahead in time and inform all major stakeholders before the launch of the agile framework. Marketers must be rea dy for resistance and should identify where it can mostly emanate.The war team is typically led by the scrum master. He or she has usually had experience in the agile framework and will mostly work with an assistant.The role of the scrum master is to set the priorities, states the hypotheses, handle the backlogs, forward the necessary resources, and manage the sprints.Other members of the war team include the analytics team lead, design team lead, LOB lead, campaign strategist, media lead, copywriter, art director, and SEO lead among others. These roles can either be internal or outsourced.In addition, the war team might also need to work with external roles, such as IT, legal, marketing acquisition lead, and so on. These external roles will add depth in resource areas.For these other external departments, working at the pace of the agile team will seem challenging as it will shift established workflows, but the performance will encourage other teams and boost support.There is also need for supervision by marketing seniors as they oversee the execution of tasks and ongoing activities.However, this should be conducted in a lightweight way â€" for example during the sprints â€" without any attempt at micromanaging.Step 3: Create AwarenessAgile marketing is a relatively new approach to marketing.This means people do not quite understand it and have misconceptions that might deter them from fully committing.If you need to shift to agile, then you must get people to buy into your idea. Everyone in the organization must be willing to embrace the agile approach. This is especially important for senior management.Take a moment to educate them on what agile marketing is and what benefits it will bring to the organization.Create a vivid picture of all the changes that will come with the shift to agile and why they are good for the company.In addition, make sure they are familiar with the components of agile marketing before they embark on the journey.If you get buy-in i t will be easier to implement the agile war team from different functions across the organization.There will also be lesser chances of resistance if all departments are aware about your intentions.In addition, when senior management have bought into the transformation, it will be easier to get them to allocate tools and resources to the agile marketing team.Step 4: Start SmallA gradual approach to agile marketing is the best way to go. Don’t be in a rush. Start small and expand gradually. Begin by choosing one specific area you want to improve and let that be your blueprint for the rest.The specific area you chose should be composed of a small task â€" one with a definite beginning and end.This should act as your first experiment. Try out various agile methodologies to see which one fits your business the best. Many marketing pros recommend Scrum if you are a newbie as it is quite user-friendly.With time, you will become familiar with other agile practices and you can continuously adapt and adjust to fit your requirements. Give yourself a chance to learn.Step 5: Ask for SupportA report by Wrike dubbed The State of Agile Marketing showed that lack of knowledge and training are the biggest impediments to implementing the agile approach.Working with agile marketing practitioners can save time, frustration and ensure success compared to doing it on your own. These pros have had experience with the agile framework and are aware of the mistakes you need to avoid.They bring a fresh perspective and can help you navigate across the framework till you are totally conversant with it.Working with a coach will educate your team and show you how the methodologies work and which ones would be best for you.They will help kick start your experience at the beginning so that you have a smooth ride through the rest of the process.Such a start will help transform your team into an agile war team that is more productive, engaged and fruitful.Step 6: Measure and EvaluateA major co mponent of agile marketing is validated learning and several small experiments.The agile manifesto requires that marketers validate their learnings through evidence-based data.You ought to come up with metrics that help you measure what is working and what is not.This will not only help you to determine if adopting agile marketing is working for you, it will also allow you to identify opportunities to improve and achieve even greater results.WRAPPING UPIf you want your company to survive in the modern and highly dynamic business environment, you must ditch the traditional approach to marketing in favor of agile marketing, which calls for flexible, fast and responsive marketing team that can quickly respond and adapt to market changes, helping your company to remain competitive.Agile marketing is all about making small, continuous improvements to your marketing campaigns, using data to support and drive the improvements.The steps discussed above will help you implement the agile mark eting approach within your organization.Remember, start by getting the agile marketing framework right, create the agile war team, create awareness for the change, start small and scale gradually, ask for support, and finally, measure and evaluate your progress.

World War Two The Greatest War Of Its Existence - 861 Words

America was involved during World War Two which was considered the greatest war of its existence. It took a whole nation and a significant amount of manpower to win the war. The United States’ involvement greatly changed the tide of world history by conquering the axis powers. World War Two was the result of Hitler’s Nazi Party comes to power, invading most of Europe and the United States freeing Europe. World War Two has made the world a better place to live because it eliminated an evil empire that would have destroyed the world. Some people believe World War Two had been traced back to World War One. The Germans and their allies had lost the war. The League of Nations forced Germany to pay reparations back to the invaded and destroyed European countries. This leads to an economic crash which resulted in high unemployment and over inflation. Germany needed a leader to bring it back to a successful country. Adolf Hitler had risen to power and created the Nazi party that had taken over Germany’s government. Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin signed a nonaggression pact which entailed Germany’s invasion of Poland. Germany invaded Poland with a blitzkrieg attack which means lightning war. Germany’s invasion caused Russia to invade Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania and Finland which made the rest of Europe highly concerned. With all of the commotion happening in Europe, the United States have reserved itself from getting involved. With Europe on the brink of total war, many countriesShow MoreRelatedWar in the Modern World Essay1161 Words   |  5 PagesWar in the Modern World War has fascinated the minds of the greats throughout history. Its concepts and understandings have been passed on to us through the few surviving works of those, whose lives were touched by war, in an ancient archive. 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What a Story Reveals about the Story Teller Essay

Geoffrey Chaucer wrote the Canterbury Tales from the view of a pilgrim journeying with many other travelers who all had tales to tell. I believe that the stories told by the characters in Chaucers book gives us insight into the individual spinning the tale as well as Chaucer as the inventor of these characters and author of their stories. There are three main characters whose stories I will be using as examples: The Knights Tale, The Millers Tale, and The Wife of Baths Tale. The knight told a tale of love, bravery, chivalry, justice, romance, and adventure. His story included two cousins and sworn brothers, Palamon and Arcite, who were both enraptured by the love of one woman, Emily. Emily was related to king Theseus who had†¦show more content†¦Secondly, it tells us his idea of bravery and devotion. Palamon and Arcite were not willing to give up Emily to the other, although they had been great friends. The devotion lies not in their friendship, but in their love of Emily. Likewise, the knight himself had left all to nobly fight for his cause; and still had such devotion to his faith to join the pilgrimage. With smudges where his armour had left mark; Just home from service, he had joined our ranks To do his pilgrimage and render thanks (The Canterbury Tales, p.5). Thirdly, it shows us the knights ideas of fortune and justice. I believe the knight was optimistic in a practical sense. He viewed Fortune as a beneficial force of justice wh ich is reflected in his happy ending of the tale. Although he had a realistic note of sadness, the overall outcome was good. All the characters prayed to different gods, and all got what they asked for. Although Arcite wins Emily, he dies before he can claim her and she is later married to Palamon. Lastly, the tale was constructed with such length and wordiness to convey the intelligence and education of the speaker - the Knight. This story tells me that Chaucer holds the knight in high regard. 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Comparative Essay Leadership Lord of the Flies and Animal...

Comparative essay: Leadership in Lord of the Flies and Animal Farm Essay question: You are required to write a comparative essay. You should compare one aspect of the texts such as theme, conflict, character or relationship. The texts are ‘Lord of the Flies’ and ‘Animal Farm’. The two books, Lord of the Flies and Animal Farm circle around the themes of power, leadership, law, disorder, good and evil. On a personal level, these themes come up in the way people relate to each other: How they interact, who becomes a follower, a manipulator, who takes responsibility, who becomes a victim and who a perpetrator. In the two books both Jack and Napoleon stick out as having so called leadership qualities. Leadership, as shown in†¦show more content†¦Signaling that he is tough enough to survive on his own, he presents himself to the others as a strong personality. This makes Jack attractive to the other boys, who want to join the self confident, courageous and enthusiastic boy. 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Reading and Journal of Nursing Management - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Reading and Journal of Nursing Management. Answer: Introduction The current assignment focuses on the concept of aged care nursing. It is a multispecialty area where individual patient needs or requirements vary. Therefore, the nurses involved in aged care need to develop requisite skills for catering to the patient requirements. This involves developing knowledge regarding the evidence based methods and practices. Additionally, the nursing care policies and regulations are also important in provision of effective care to the patients. In this respect, the education and training of the nursing staff governs the success of the care plans and intervention methods. Additionally, application of the speciality nursing competencies and skills may help in empowering the patients by means of implementing a patient centred approach. Education and training required to move from novice to expert in aged care nursing The education and training of the nurses during the transitory phase from novice to expert can be explained with the help of a simple theory. The theory was proposed by Dr. Benner which emphasizes that skills and understanding of a nurse develops over time through sound education and a multitude of experiences. She further suggested that the development of the skills is dependent upon an extension of practical knowledge. The transitions from novice to expert consist of 5 stages as follows novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, expert. In the novice stage one is totally dependent upon the mentor for getting specific set of instructions which would be simply followed by the preceptored nurse. As commented by Phelan McCormack (2016), the behaviour of an individual is limited and flexible at this stage. On the contrary, at an advanced beginner stage an individual has prior experience in handling similar situations. In competent stage a nurse has already developed 2-3 years of expertise within the same area of nursing care and can handle emergency situations. At this stage the nursing staffs are able to plan their own actions based on abstract and analytical thinking. In the proficient stage a holistic understanding is established to facilitate decision making. As commented by Willetts et al. (2017), at the expert stage a nurse develops intuitive grasp of clinical situations. The training and education needs vary in each stage of nursing care from novice to expert care. In this stage certain features of the task which are the very basic of nursing care are taught to the students such as measuring weight of the patients, temperature and blood pressure monitoring. As commented by Surr et al. (2017), at the novice stage one is unable to use judgement or discretionary powers. In the advanced beginner stage a nurse is able to form effective relationship with the patients and give detailed instructions based on recurrent meaningful patterns learnt in the clinical trial sessions (Lewis et al., 2015). As mentioned by Cashin et al. (2017), the use of therapeutic communication approaches for understanding the needs and requirements of the patients is emphasized at the advance beginners stage. In the competent stage, the nurse has developed sufficient ideas to manage clinical risks based on analytical skills. At the competent stage of clinical practice the nurses ar e made to undergo clinical simulation games to develop their decision making skills which will them in coordinating complex multiple patient needs and demands (Houser, 2016). In the competent stage, the nurse should be consciously made aware of the long term goals and should be able to differentiate between the emergency and later concerns. As mentioned by Willetts et al. (2017), emphasizing upon evidence based practices can help in providing effective care to the patients. For example in dealing aged patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, the nurses should be trained upon the implementation and inculcation of light stretches and exercises within the daily care routine of the patients. Maxims are used to guide the nurses at proficient stage and consists of standard code of conduct which is applied within particular scenarios. The proficient performers are taught with the help of case studies, which helps them in developing the required intuitions for analysing a similar clinical situation (Chenoweth et al., 2014). At the expert stage a nurse has developed sufficient clinical judgement and ability. As argued by Cashin et al. (2015), the expert nursi ng code of practice is holistic in nature rather than procedural. The expert nurses are supposed to show increased control, understanding in dealing with the grievances of the patient. NMBA standards of nursing related to aged care nursing The Aged care is one of the complex areas of nursing care which requires sufficient skills along with formal education. As commented by Huang et al. (2014), the aged care nurses are required to develop leadership and management skills. The comprehensive aged care underlines ethical and professional understanding of clinical practise which results in improved patient outcome (Willetts et al., 2017). In this respect, the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA) has stated a number of professional codes of conducts. A few of them have been discussed over here with respect to aged care. The first objective states that the nurses should practice in a safe and competent manner ("Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Endorsement as a nurse practitioner", 2018). Under this the nurses should not undertake practices which may compromise the safety of the patients, such as while designing the care plans for the aged patient affected with diabetes neuropathy and restricted movement, the nurse should not suggest strenuous exercises to them which may result in serious injuries ("Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Endorsement as a nurse practitioner", 2018). The second objective states that the nurses should act in accordance with the standards of their profession and broader health system (Meiner Schnepp, 2014). Under this the nurses can intervene to safeguard the basic good will and interest of the aged people under care. This is particularly true with regards to the patients suffering from dementia, as their reasoning and decision making skills are affected. As per the objective number 4, the nurse should respect the basic dignity, culture, ethnicity, values of the patient. This is particularly true in case of respecting the autonomy and self sufficiency in the patients. A patient with Alzheimers may have restricted decision making skills. This could lead to the development of clinical disputes where the practising nurse limits the freedom and autonomy of the patients owing to their safety concerns. This may be a breach of the Mental health capacity act, 2005, as per which the patient should be given sufficient freedom to participate in care planning and decision making. Conclusion Education and training of the nurse forms an important component of patient care. In the present scenario the aspects of aged care have been highlighted as well as the development of a nurse from novice to expert have been highlighted. There are various aspects of education and training provision in nursing care based upon practical experiences, case studies as well as maxims. An individual enters into nursing practice with little or no knowledge and is mostly dependent upon instructions from seniors regarding practice methods or procedures to be applied. However, there is a gradual shifting from novice to expert based upon the application of NMBA standards of nursing. This forms the core of nursing practices enlisting the various regulations of patient care. The implication of the NMBA standards also helps in maintaining the core ethics of nursing care. References Cashin, A., Buckley, T., Donoghue, J., Heartfield, M., Bryce, J., Cox, D., ... Dunn, S. V. (2015). Development of the nurse practitioner standards for practice Australia.Policy, Politics, Nursing Practice,16(1-2), 27-37. Cashin, A., Heartfield, M., Bryce, J., Devey, L., Buckley, T., Cox, D., ... Fisher, M. (2017). Standards for practice for registered nurses in Australia.Collegian,24(3), 255-266. Chenoweth, L., Merlyn, T., Jeon, Y. H., Tait, F., Duffield, C. (2014). Attracting and retaining qualified nurses in aged and dementia care: Outcomes from an Australian study.Journal of Nursing Management,22(2), 234-247. Houser, J. (2016).Nursing research: Reading, using and creating evidence. Massachusetts :Jones Bartlett Learning, 256-354. Huang, H. C., Huang, Y. T., Lin, K. C., Kuo, Y. F. (2014). Risk factors associated with physical restraints in residential aged care facilities: a community?based epidemiological survey in Taiwan.Journal of advanced nursing,70(1), 130-143. Lewis, A., Wallace, J., Deutsch, A., King, P. (2015). Improving the oral health of frail and functionally dependent elderly.Australian dental journal,60(S1), 95-105. Meiner, A., Schnepp, W. (2014). Staff experiences within the implementation of computer-based nursing records in residential aged care facilities: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research.BMC medical informatics and decision making,14(1), 54. Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Endorsement as a nurse practitioner. (2018). Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. Retrieved 13 January 2018, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Registration-Standards/Endorsement-as-a-nurse-practitioner.aspx Phelan, A., McCormack, B. (2016). Exploring nursing expertise in residential care for older people: a mixed method study.Journal of advanced nursing,72(10), 2524-2535. Surr, C. A., Gates, C., Irving, D., Oyebode, J., Smith, S. J., Parveen, S., ... Dennison, A. (2017). Effective dementia education and training for the health and social care workforce: a systematic review of the literature.Review of educational research,87(5), 966-1002. Willetts, G., Aberdeen, S., Hood, K., Cross, W. (2017). The dynamic role of the graduate nurse in aged care: An Australian experience of delivering an aged care graduate nurse program.Collegian,24(4), 397-402.